• Insulin is the central hormone involved

  2024-04-17

  

  Insulin is the central hormone involved in the control of glucose and lipid metabolism. Other nonmetabolic effects of insulin are intensively studied as well. Activation of insulin receptor not only promotes glucose uptake, protein synthesis, and inhibits lipid metabolism, but also is crucial for re

• Aconitase clusters are prone to oxidations and are among the

  2024-04-17

  

  Aconitase clusters are prone to oxidations and are among the first to undergo a change in transition state during stages of electrophilic stress rendering them inactive [31]. Aconitase activity in LETO and OLETF did not differ at T0 suggesting that the early onset of insulin resistance may not be at

• br Androgen interference with the action of arachidonic

  2024-04-17

  

  Androgen interference with the action of arachidonic U 18666A metabolites’ actions; the other side of the coin Arachidonic acid, being a polyunsaturated fatty acid present in the phospholipids of the membrane of cells, is highly abundant within the organism. It is mainly involved in cellular sig

• In view of the ubiquitous distribution of the arachidonate

  2024-04-17

  

  In view of the ubiquitous distribution of the arachidonate 12S-lipoxygenase isoforms and the variety of cellular reactions influenced by the resulting arachidonate metabolites, these products widely play important roles in many biological systems. The development of new type-specific inhibitors of t

• Scutellaria moniliorrhiza Komarov Labiatae is a perennial

  2024-04-17

  

  Scutellaria moniliorrhiza Komarov (Labiatae) is a perennial herb and mainly distributed in Jilin province, China. In traditional Chinese medicine, the whole plants have been used to clear away heat-evil, expel superficial evils, eliminate stasis and reduce edema (He et al., 2012). In previous phytoc

• Pregnane X receptor PXR is a nuclear

  2024-04-17

  

  Pregnane X receptor (PXR) is a nuclear receptor that plays an important role in regulation of metabolism and disposition of structurally diverse xenobiotics as well as endogenous steroids and bile acids (Bertilsson et al., 1998, Kliewer et al., 1998, Lehmann et al., 1998). PXR regulates the metaboli

• The excellent potencies selectivities and

  2024-04-17

  

  The excellent potencies, selectivities and improved PK associated with the piperazine class triggered more extensive off-target screenings of the highlighted compounds. A screen of more than 100 enzymes, receptors, and ion channels resulted in activity at the norepinephrine transporter (NET). This

• br Conflicts of interest br Newly Identified Mechanisms of A

  2024-04-17

  

  Conflicts of interest Newly Identified Mechanisms of APN Resistance Hold Therapeutic Potential APN, APN Receptors, and APN Cardiovascular Protection APN Resistance in Cardiovascular Disease The Molecular Mechanisms of APN Resistance Concluding Remarks and Future Directions Finally,

• Control of retinal vascularization during development and

  2024-04-17

  

  Control of retinal vascularization during development and OIR likely involves close interactions among endothelial cells, neurons and glial Clozapine N-oxide (microglial and astrocytes) (see Fig. 2). In particular, the interaction between endothelial tip cells and astrocytes plays a critical role i

• br New AMPK activators Fenofibrate is

  2024-04-17

  

  New AMPK activators Fenofibrate is a drug of the fibrate class used for the treatment of dyslipidemia [53] but is also an agent that could alleviate DN-induced alterations through AMPK activation (Fig. 2). Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats treated with fenofibrate improved in not only renal fu

• The extent to which GPCR oligomerization is a regulated proc

  2024-04-16

  

  The extent to which GPCR oligomerization is a regulated process still remains unclear. Reported effects of ligands on both GPCR homo- and heteromers are highly variable and depend on GPCR subtypes and the specific ligand used. According to our data, chronic treatment of mice with both paroxetine or

• HCC aetiology is multifactorial and the

  2024-04-16

  

  HCC aetiology is multifactorial and the disease is often preceded by other conditions including liver fibrosis and cirrhosis that are associated with HCV, HBV, alcoholic and non-alcoholic hepatitis. The discovery of new therapeutic targets will require a greater understanding of the pathogenic mecha

• Defining the multiple roles of autophagy in stroke has been

  2024-04-16

  

  Defining the multiple roles of autophagy in stroke has been a rapidly evolving and exciting venue for translational research, with innovative products being applied from bench to bedside. Spanning pharmacological pathway manipulation and functional experimental validation, altered autophagy activati

• It has also been reported that defects in ATM or

  2024-04-16

  

  It has also been reported that defects in ATM or ATR signalling are synthetically lethal with PARP inhibition (Turner et al., 2008, Peasland et al., 2011, Yap et al., 2011, Michels et al., 2014), suggesting that combined inhibition of PARP and ATM or ATR may be an effective therapeutic strategy. In

• Apelin is a bioactive peptide and endogenous ligand for the

  2024-04-16

  

  Apelin is a bioactive peptide and endogenous ligand for the APJ receptor (APLNR), a member of the G protein coupled receptor family that shares a similar sequence as the angiotensin type-1 receptor (AT1) [5]. Early studies demonstrated that the apelin/APLNR receptor axis plays a significant role in

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